社会资本、农地流转与农户消费扩张

中国农户消费转型升级引发各方关注,但鲜有从社会资本的视角探讨农地流转对农户消费的影响及其微观作用机理。文章在理论层面分析了农地流转通过影响农户生计资本变动和生计策略调整对农户消费的传导机制,并基于中国家庭追踪调查（CFPS）三期面板数据,定量评估了农地流转对农户消费影响的社会资本效应。结果表明：（1）我国农户消费基尼系数总体呈缩窄趋势,但农地转出农户相比农地转入农户具有更高的人均消费支出及消费不均等程度;（2）农地流转能够影响农户关键自然资本改变和生计策略调整,从而显著提高农户消费水平,且参与农地流转农户相比未参与农地流转农户具有更高的消费动机;（3）社会资本在农户农地转入和转出过程中对农户消费存在微观中介效应,即社会资本越高的农户参与农地流转的概率越大,且能够通过提高农地转出户非农就业机会和扩大其多元化收入来源,间接提升农户消费水平。在精准扶贫和乡村振兴战略协同背景下,应积极有序推进农地适度规模经营,促进农地转出户非农就业,并强化农户社会资本建设,提高农户多元化收入,从而全面助推农村消费转型升级。     

试论我国经常项目均衡管理的基本思路及实现机制

经常项目外汇均衡管理机制的构建是我国实现外汇均衡管理的一个重要组成部分。由于经常项目均衡在国际收支均衡中的基础性作用,在现阶段人民币资本项目尚未完全可兑换情况下,这种机制构造既有迫切性更有挑战性。本文比较系统地探讨了我国经常项目外汇均衡管理思路及实现机制设想,旨在对现行经常项目外汇管理制度扬弃的基础上,以总量风险管理与均衡管理为视角,探索人民币可兑换进程中外汇监管有效性与经营便利性相统一的经常项目外汇均衡管理的机制,以期对我国经常项目外汇管理的体制转型实现我国经常项目乃至我国国际收支的可维持性起到积极促进作用。     

供应链金融的融资约束缓解效应研究——基于中国创业板数据的实证分析

针对中小企业融资难的现实,本文从信号传递机制及共生理论视角,提出供应链上合作关系的稳定性以及核心企业信用扩散对供应链金融模式下中小企业融资绩效调节机理的构念模型及相关假设,并运用2011年-2017年我国创业板上市企业的面板数据进行了实证研究。结果显示:企业的现金持有量会随其经营性现金流正向变动,这表明企业面临着一定的融资约束;而在加入供应链金融发展水平变量后,企业的现金持有量变动受经营性现金流的影响减弱,这表明融资难度有所降低。进一步地,本文引入供应链上合作关系的稳定性以及核心企业的信用扩散影响两个调节变量,分别在原有模型中加入交互项进行了总体回归和分组检验,研究发现供应链金融模式对于供应链上合作关系趋于稳定的企业以及受核心企业信用扩散影响的企业具有更显著的融资约束缓解效应。     

论中国特色社会主义理论体系的形成与发展

中国特色社会主义理论体系是马克思主义中国化的必然产物。该体系的形成有其特定的时代背景和社会历史条件,经历了从基本确立阶段到丰富和发展阶段,进而发展到当代最新成果阶段。该体系是一个不断发展的开放体系。     

Banking on the principles: Compliance with Basel Core Principles and bank soundness

This study finds that banks receive more favorable Moody's financial strength ratings in countries with better compliance with Basel Core Principles related to information provision. The results are robust to controlling for broad indexes of institutional quality, macroeconomic variables, sovereign ratings, and reverse causality. Compliance with other Core Principles does not affect ratings robustly. Measuring bank soundness through Z-scores yields broadly similar results for advanced and emerging markets. Countries aiming to upgrade banking regulation and supervision should consider giving priority to information provision over other elements of the core principles.     

Reporting issues challenging the National Roads Authority of Papua New Guinea: the case for using local indigenous mechanisms

For many years, considerable resources have been expended on the National Roads Authority of Papua New Guinea to help build up and maintain the road assets for the economic and social development of Papua New Guinea. Evidence from the audit reports of the auditor-general of Papua New Guinea suggests that there appears room to improve the reporting and accountability of this authority through local indigenous mechanisms. The paper is an important warning for donor organizations about opportunism and how to prevent it (and worse).     

中国国家标准供给水平研究

基于中国国家标准与国际标准化组织（ISO）、标准电工委员会（IEC）与国际电信联盟（ITU）三大国际标准组织为代表的国际标准的全面比较,考量中国国家标准的相对供给水平。结果表明：中国现行国家标准总体上供给较为充足,但仍存在一些供给指数较低的技术领域,且国家标准的供给质量仍需进一步提高。鉴此,应结合产业发展的需求,调整国家标准的供给结构与供给指数,以充分发挥标准推动经济社会发展的重要作用。     

Investigating cross-national heterogeneity in the adoption of online hotel reviews

Increasing reliance of potential guests on online hotel reviews has given rise to trepidation among some hospitality managers recently, thus necessitating a better understanding of its adoption. Literature on multicultural studies have suggested that behavioral models do not universally hold across cultures. In view of the limited generalizability and applicability of extant cross-cultural studies to this context, this study generates cross-national insights into the antecedents of travelers’ intention to use online hotel reviews to better understand the use of consumer-generated reviews across cultures. Generally, the predictive power of the model derived from the Motivation Theory and TAM holds true for both the United States and Singapore. Nonetheless, tests for structural invariance reveals some noteworthy differences between the two countries. The results highlight the complex cognitive mechanisms determining the acceptance of online hotel reviews in each country as moderated by national culture orientations. Findings hold implications for practitioners and researchers as they navigate through social media in different cultural contexts.     

Some corrections to claims about the literature in Engl and Scotchmer (1996)

Some assertions in Engl and Scotchmer [J. Math. Econ. 26 (1996) 209] concerning prior literature are corrected. In addition, I discuss the differences between the convergence results of Engl and Scotchmer [J. Math. Econ. 26 (1996) 209], and those of this author, alone and with Martin Shubik, dating from 1980. Our prior and concurrent results show that (approximate) -cores of games with many players treat most similar players nearly equally; that is, approximate cores of large games have the equal treatment property. The convergence result of Engl and Scotchmer shows that, in per capita terms, -core payoffs to sufficiently large groups of players can be approximated by equal-treatment payoffs.     

“后GDP时代”谈改革开放初期我国GDP指标的确立

GDP指标是国民经济核算体系的核心,也是衡量一个国家经济水平和社会发展的重要依据。即使在进入＂后GDP时代＂,在没有一种更为优越的核算指标替代它之前,GDP的作用仍然不容忽视。改革开放初期,我国在纷繁复杂的国际、国内背景之下,克服重重困难,最终确立了GDP核算指标。可以说,无论过去还是现在,甚至在今后很长一段时期内,GDP指标在整个国民经济体系中的重要地位都不可取代。然而,这并不代表我们肯定了＂GDP万能论＂。众所周知,任何事物都具有两面性,而且都处在不断发展变化之中,GDP也概莫能外,因此,对于GDP问题,我们应该用历史的眼光和辩证的视角来看待,客观的评价它,能动的改造它,有所取舍的利用它,由此可见,对改革开放初期我国GDP指标确立的背景、过程及意义进行历史的考察,对搞好我国当前的GDP核算工作,推动国民经济核算体系的革新,以及整个社会经济的健康发展意义重大。